Caligula onwards was divided in such a way, that the military power, and with it the foreign policy of the Province, was controlled by a Lieutenant of Augustus,* while the internal affairs of the Province were left to the ordinary governor, a Proconsul. Almost simultaneously with my papers on the subject there appeared a memoir by Monsieur R. S. Bour,† in which he quotes some other analogies to justify this view. He points out that Vespasian conducted the war in Palestine, while Mucianus was governor